Chusetts



(No Model.)

W. C.v WORTHEN & G. PENDLETON, Jr.

WRENCH.

IVII I NITED STAT-ES PATENT OFFICE- lVILLIAM O. \VOR'JHEN AND GURDON PENDLETON, JR, OF BOSTON, MASSA CHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS OF ONE-THIRD TO JOHN D. lVALlVORTH, OF SAME PLACE.

W R E N C H SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 397,954, dated February 19, 1889.

Application filed July 16, 1888. Serial No. 280,088. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WILLIAM C. XVORTHEN and GURnoN PENDLETON, J r.,both of Boston, in. the county of Suffolk, State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in renches, of which the following is a description sulficiently full, clear, and exact to enable any person skilled in the art or science to which said invention apperro tains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of ourimproved wrench, a portion of the handle and bracket being represented in section; Fig. 2, an enlarged side elevation showing the jaws with the plates remoyed; Fig. 3, an elevation of the plates detached as viewed from the inner or rear side; Fig. 4:, a sectional view showing certain details of construction, and Fig. 5 a side elevation of one of the rolls detached.

Like letters and figures of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different figyond the side walls of the recesses, as shown ures of the drawings.

known as pipe-wrenches; and it consists in certain novel features, as hereinafter fully set forth and claimed, the object being to produce a device of this character adapted for use with brass, silver-plated, and other finished pipes without scarring or injuring them.

The nature and operation of the improvement will be readily understood by all conversant with such matters from the following explanation In the drawings, A represents the body; B, the handle; C, the fixed jaw, and D the movable jaw. The fixed jaw C is curved downward and rearward, as fully shown in the drawings, and is preferably formed integral with the body A. The movable jaw D is fitted to slide on the body A, and has its side adjacent to the fixed jaw curved to correspond approximately with the curvature of the fixed jaw. The inner face or edge of the fixed jaw is provided with two evolute recesses, 012 and f, and the movable jaw with a like recess, 1, said recesses being arranged concentrically and with the deeper end or Our invention relates to the class of wrenches I portion'of each recess adjacent to the shallower end or portion of the succeeding recess for instance, the deeper end, 15, of the recess m adjoins the shallower end, 25, of the recess f, and deeper end, 35, of the recess f the shallower end, 45, of the recess 2, and so 011 throughout the series. One side wall of the recesses f and m is formed integral with the fixed jaw (l, and the other by a removable plate, E, which is secured to the jaw by screws .90, one side wall of the recess i being also formed integral with the movable jaw D, and the other by a removable plate, H, which is secured to said jaw by screws v to the jaw D. A curved groove, 55, is cut in the adjacent faces of the walls of each of the recesses f m 1, said grooves being respectively arranged in parallelism with the rear or inner walls of said recesses, and journaled in the grooves pertaining to each recess there is a movableprojection or roll, J, provided with trunnions *1, which work in said grooves, said rolls being of such diameter as to project inward bein Figs. 1 and 2, to adapt them to engage the pipe.

A flat curved spring, K, has one of its ends secured at 65 in the deeper end or portion of each of the recesses f m 2, its free end extending into the shallower end or portion of the recess between the rear wall thereof and the roll J, the obj ect of said springs being to return the rolls to their normal position in the deeper ends of the recesses after they have acted on the pipe L preparatory to taking a new grip or hold of the same.

A bracket, 1, projects downward from the rear end of the body A, and secured therein is a rod, N, a corresponding rod, 0, being secured in the rear end of the jaw D. The rod N is provided with an exterior right-hand screw-thread and the rod 0 with an exterior left-hand screw-thread, the inner or adjacent ends of said rods, which are separated about half an inch, or in accordance with the size of the wrench, being inserted in a corresponding threaded rosette or nut, P, whereby the jaw D may be adjusted and held in any desired position on the body A.

In the use of my improvement the pipe L is inserted in the jaws D E and the jaw D forced against the same by the rosette P, after which the handle of the wrench is moved through the arc of a circle in the direction indicated by the arrow, thereby causing the rolls J to move toward the shallow ends of their respective recesses and engage or grip the pipe in a manner that will be readily understood by all conversant with such matters without a more explicit description. After the pipe has been turned a distance by moving the handle in the direction indicated by the arrow the handle is moved in the opposite direction, causing the rolls to pass into the deeper portions of the recesses and thereby release the pipe preparatory to taking an other hold or grip on the same.

Instead of the fiat spring K we sometimes employ a coiled spring, 75, for retracting or returning the roll J to the deeper end of the recess, as shown in Fi g. 4, said spring being secured in a socket formed in the fixed or movable jaw, as the case may be, and connected with loops or hooks 85, which pass over the trunnions '7' of the roll. e also sometimes inake the movable projections in the form of canishaped or wedgeshaped bodies instead of the rolls J, said bodies being fitted to slide in the recesses f m t and projecting inward beyond the faces of the jaws in substantially the same manner as the rolls, although we deem the rolls preferable, as the friction is reduced to a minimum by their use and they are less liable to soar or injure the pipe especially when the same is provided with a highly-polished surface or composed of comparatively soft metal.

In the present instance but two recesses are shown in the fixed jaw and one in the movable jaw; but anyshitable number of recesses and rolls may be employed. Any other suitable means may also be employed for actnating the movable jaw, if preferred. The handle B inayalso be formed integral with the body A, if desired. i

llavin g thus explained our .i nvention, what we claim is 1. The combination of a w renclrbody, a fixed segmental jaw attached thereto, a movable 5o segmental jaw thereon, said jaws being provided with evolute recesses in their inner faces, and movable projections disposed within said recesses and extendingbeyond the inner faces of the jaws.

2. The combination of a wrench -body, a iixcd segmental jaw attached thereto, a movable segmental jaw thereon, said jaws being provided with evolute recesses in their inner faces and with arc-shaped grooves, and movable projections disposed within said recesses and provided with trunnions which move in said grooves, said projections extending beyond the inner faces of the jaws.

3. The combination of a wrench-bod y, a fixed segmental jaw attached thereto, a movable jaw thereon, said jaws being provided with evolute recesses in their inner faces and with arc-shaped grooves, movable projections within said recesses provided with trunnions which move in said grooves, said projections extendng inward beyond the inner faces of the jaws, and springs which tend to force said projections toward the narrow ends of said recesses.

4. The combination of a wren ch-bod y, a. fixed segmental jaw attached thereto, a movable jaw tliereon, said jaws being provided with evolute recesses in their inner faces and with arc-shaped grooves, roll-shaped projections within said recesses provided with trunnions which inovein said grooves, the peripheries of the roll-shaped projections extending be yond the inner faces of the jaws, and springs which tend to force said projections toward the narrow ends of said recesses.

\VILLIAM C". \VORTHEN. GURDON PENDLETON, .ln.

Witnesses:

O. M. SHAW, E. M. SPiN'N-EY. 

